Interlocking shingle



Jan.726, 1931' R MIL ER 2,068,756

INTERLOCKING SHINGLE Filed Jan. 31, 1935 I lNVENTO R 520075 P07076266/'////a/' Z M M ATTORNEY atented Fan. 26, 1937 OFFICE INTERLOCKINGSHINGLE Stuart lParmelee Miller, Scarsdale, N. Y., assignor to TheBarrett Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New JerseyApplication January 31, 1935, Serial No. 4,260

'5 Claims. (cries-7 This invention relates to shingles and more par- Idefining a substantially square body portion. ticularly to interlockingcomposition shingles. Side edge I3 is formed with a cut-out portion Oneobject of this invention is to provide a providing a notch I6 and theboundaries of the shingle which is particularly adapted for recorner ofthe shingle formed by the juncture of 5 roofing purposes; which can becut from a sheet converging side edges I4 and I5are defined by a 5 offelt base roofing material without substantial broken edge constitutedof the relatively short waste and which can be readily laid with otheredge portionsdesignated by the reference numerlike elements inoverlapping, diagonal courses als II, I8, I9, 20 and 2|. Edges I1 and I8coto produce an efiicient roof covering of .decoraoperate to form notch23 which is adapted to m tive appearance. cooperate with notch I6 of anadjacent shingle 10 Another object is to provide an interlocking in thesame horizontal course in a manner to be shingle adapted. to be laidwith other like shingles more completely described hereinafter. Curvedin overlapping courses with the side corner poredge 20 cooperates withstraight edge 2| to form tions of each pair of shingles in the samehorilocking recess 25 the function of which is more zontal courseoverlapping and underlapping and completely set forth hereinafter. l5

' having a locking projection on the lower comer Formed onthe lowercorner of the shingle and adapted to pass under the side portion of onlyprojecting from the rectangular outline thereof one underlying shingleso that the lower corner defined by side edges I2, I3, I l and I5 is asubis thus locked down to provide a waterproof roof stantiallytriangular locking projection designatcovering. Other objects andadvantages of this ed as a whole by reference numeral 21. Lockinginvention will appear from the following detailed projection 21 isdefined by straight edge 28 in line description. with edge I2 and atright angles to edge I5,

Shingles, the lower corners of which are proedge 30 extending at anacute angle to edge 28, vided with projecting portions adapted tointerslightly curved edge 32, and comparatively short lock withunderlying elements and intended" to straight edges 33 and 34 whichcooperate with 25 be laid with the side corner portions overlapping edgeI2 of the shingle body to form locking recess and underlapping, are wellknown. In such 35. Triangular locking projection 21 is shaped as i lethe locking Projections in the corners shown to permit cutting of theshingle elements W d s o k w a Pa O underlying from a roofing sheet witha minimum of waste, to

w shingles requiring the flexing of both underlying permit readyinterlocking engagement of the proshingles to permit the locking of asingle overly- "jection and the locking recess 35 with a shingle ingshingle therewith. This invention is in the ofan underlying course, andto enhance the decnature of an improvement on such shingle eleorativeappearance of the resultant roof as will ments in that it provides ashingle of simple conappear more fully hereinafter.-

35 struction which can more readily be applied in Fig. 1 discloses thecutting of the shingle ele- 35 interlocking relation with other likeelements and ments of Fig. 2 from a sheet of material of a which has thelocking projection at the lower corwidth sufficient to produce two ofthe elements in designed o P under the S de portion of cutting position.It will be understood that the only one underlying shingle to produce aneiiifabric or base from which the shingles are cut eient roofcovel'lngmay be of any desired Width, preferably of a 40 11119116accompanying drawing forming a part of width sufiicient to produce two,four or any, det s sp fi and s w n for purposes of sired even number ofsuch elements.

x p fi on a preferred form of this inven- In Fig. 2 the longitudinaledges 36 of the fabric tion but without limiting the c a ed invention orbase define the side edges I3 of each shingle, Such embodiment! thecutaway portions along the edges 36 corre- 45 F 5 81 P View Of a Stripof shingle matesponding to notches I6. Transverse cuts 31 rialindicating a layout for cutting the shingle of define side edges I2 andId and longitudinal cuts 38 define the side edges "I5 of the shingleele- F gr2 shows a plan view of a shingle embodying ments. Theinterlocking portions of contiguous s invention; and shingles aredefined by diagonal cuts 40, broken 50 Fig. 3 shows a fragmentary planof a number cuts designated as a whole by the reference nuof shingles ofFig. 2 arranged upon a roof or other meral ll and cut-out portions 43,t4. Cut-out Sm' a v portions (l3 and M are represented by the shadedReferring to the drawing, II indicatesa shingle areas in Fig. l. Theside edges of cut-out porfid having substantially straight sides I2, I3,It and tions 43 define aligning notch 23 and locking recess 35associated with projection 21. The side edges of cut-out portion 6%define locking recess 25 located near the horizontal corner of theshingle shown in Fig. 2. It is pointed out that the relatively smallamount of material cut out of the notches I6 and out of the cut-outportions 3 and M represents the only waste involved in cutting theshingles from a roofing base.

With reference to Fig. 3, it will be noted that the shingles are adaptedto be laid in courses, each edge being inclined to the horizontaldirection of the roof, one diagonal of each shingle being at rightangles to the longitudinal direction of the roof.

In applying the shingles, shingle A is laid with the corner defined byconverging sides l2 and B3 in overlapping relation to the corner portionof shingle B which is provided with looking recess 25. Notch it ofshingle A cooperates with notch 23 of shingle B to determine the properhorizontal and vertical position of the shingles with respect to eachother. When properly laid, side edge i 2 of shingle A is parallel to,but spaced ashort distance from edge 2! of locking recess 25 of shingleB. It will be noted that by this arrangement, side edge l2 of anoverlapping shingle cooperates with side edge 2! of recess 25 of anunderlapping shingle to form a relatively narrow pocket as more clearlyillustrated at it in connection with shingles B and D at the right-handside of Fig. 3. After the shingle A has been placed in position a nailis driven through the corner of this shingle which overlaps shingle B.This nail, it will be noted, passes through the underlying corner ofshingle B and also through the upper corner of the adjacent shingle inthe adjacent underlapping horizontal course. Thus, even though only onenail per shingle is used, each shingle is anchored by a nail at threepoints, i. e., at each horizontal corner and the top vertical corner.

Reference character C indicates a shingle of the adjacent overlappinghorizontal course. Shingle C is applied by insertion of the portion oflocking projection 21! adjacent lockingrecess 35 beneath the side edgeis of shingle B, the recess 35 interlocking with the pocket defined byedges l2 and ii of shingles A and B respectively. Shingle C is thenturned about the short edge 3% thereof as a pivot until the edge 28abuts against edge I2 of shingle A and notch it .is in substantialalignment with side i i of shingle B. It will be noted that the edge 28and notches l6 and 23 serve as aligning guides or position indicatingmeans which determine the position of each shingle when laid. In theresultant roof, shingle A overlaps shingle B and shingle C overlaps aportion of both shingles A and B and underlaps a portion of only shingleB, thereby providing a firm interlock between the three shingles withthe aid of only a single locking projection, viz., the projection 2'5.The portion.

I since only one nail per shingle is necessary to obtain an emcient roofcovering and results in economy of the number of nails necessary to securely apply them to a roof or other surface. The single lockingprojection 2'5, together with aoearee overlying and underlying elementswhereby an efficient roof covering is provided.

Since certain changes may be made in the above shingle and in the mannerof laying the same without departing from the scope of this invention,it is intended that all matter contained in the above description orshown on the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted at lustrative andnot in a limiting sense.

I claim: v

1. An interlocking shingle, comprising a substantially square bodyportion having a locking projection onone corner thereof, saidprojection being disposed on one side only of said shingle and havingone side thereof in line with the said side edge of the said body, saidshingle being adapted to be laid with other like elements in overlappingcourses with one corner of one element overlapping the oppositehorizontal corner of a. like element in the same horizontal course, withthe said projection of an overlying element passing under the side edgeof an underlying element and with the said side thereof in line with theside edgeof the said body abutting against aside edge of anotherunderlying element, said projection substantially filling the upperportion of the angle between said side edges of said underlyingelements.

2. A roof coveringcomprising a plurality of shingles, each shingleincluding a body portion having side edges defining horizontal cornersand upper and lower vertical corners, said body portion being providedwith a substantially triangular locking projection extending therefromin the neighborhood of the lower corner and a first locking recess inthe neighborhood or a horizontal corner, said projection cooperatingwith a side edge of the body portion to provide a second locking recess,said shingles being laid in courses with one horizontal corner of eachshingle overlapping a horizontal corner of an adjacent shingle in thesame course, a side edge of said overlapping shingle cooperating with anedge of the first named locking recess of the underlapping adjacentshingle to form a locking pocket. the second named locking recess ofeach shingle in an adjacent overlapping course interlocking with alocking pocket in said underlapping course, the locking projection ofeach of the shingles of said overlapping course extending into each ofsaid locking pockets whereby' each shingle of said overlapping courseoverlaps. and underlapsonly one underlying shingle and only overlapsanother underlying shingle.

3. A roof covering comprising a plurality of shingles, each shingleincluding a body portion having side edges defining horizontal cornersand upper and lower vertical corners, said body portion being providedwith a locking projection extending from a side edge thereof adjacentsaid lower vertical corner and a first locking recess adjacent one ofsaid horizontal corners, said looking projection cooperating with theside edge of the body portion from which'it extends to form a secondlocking recess, said shingles being laid in overlapping and underlappinghorizontal courses with one horizontal corner of each shingle ioverlapping a horizontal corner of an adjacent shingle in the samecourse, the second named locking recess of each shingle in an adjacentoverlapping course interlocking with the first named recess of a shingleof the underlapping course, said shingle of the overlapping coursehaving a portion of its locking projection underlapping only saidshingle of said underlapplng course with which it is interlocked, theexposed portion of said locking projection having an angular shapecorresponding to the angle formed between theintersecting side edges oftwo adjacent shingles of said underlapping course.

4. An interlocking shingle of general rectangular shape adapted to belaid with other like shingles in overlapping courses with the sidecorners of contiguous shingles in the same horizontal course overlappingand underlapping, said shingle having a substantially triangular lockingprojection disposed at the lower corner on one of the two side edgesdefining the lower corner, the entire area of said projection extendingin a direction away from the other side edge defining said lower corner,a portion of said projection being adapted to pass under the sideportion of only one of two adjacent shingles of an underlying course tolock the corner of the overlying shingle to said underlying course andthe remaining portion of said projection being adapted to be exposed inthe angle between said two adjacent underlying shingles and tosubstantially fill the upper portion of said angle.

5. An interlocking shingle of general rectangular shape adapted to belaid with other like shingles in overlapping courses with the sidecorners of contiguous shingles in the same course in overlapping andunderlapping relation, said shingle having a locking projection disposedat the lower corner on one of the two side edges defining the lowercorner, substantially the entire area of said projection extending in adirection away from the other side edge defining said lower comer, aportion of said projection being adapted to pass under the side portionoi only one of two adjacent shingles of an underlying course and theremaining portion of said projection having an angular shapecorresponding to the angle formed between the intersecting side edges ofsaid two adjacent shingles of the underlying course.

STUART PARMELEE MILLER.

